Paragraph on Folk Music | For HSC Students

The songs and music of a community which remain uninfluenced by any sophisticated musical rules or any standard music styles are basically called folk music. Bangladesh has a heritage of rich folk music which includes both religious and secular songs. Folk music has some significant characteristics. It is composed by rural folk based on ancient rules transmitted orally.  Classical or modern music have not influenced these ancient rules of music. No regular practice is vital for folk music. It is basically composed and performed by illiterate or semi-literate rural people. The culture and the lifestyle of the different tribes have also influenced folk music. Tribes like the Santal, Garo, Hajong, Chakma, Monipuri, Tripuri, Marma etc. have immense influence on ethnic Bengali culture and lifestyle. The interaction has been clearly reflected in the richness of folk music. Folk songs may be sung individually or in chorus. Folk songs sung individually include Baul, Bhatiyali, Murshidi, Marfati, while songs sung in chorus include Kabigan, Leto, Alkap and Gambhira. In Banglesh, folk music is losing its appeal to young guys day by day. Modern pop or band songs are greatly influencing the common folk's tastes. Government should take some steps to retain our old heritage and culture.

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Students Should (or not) Use Facebook | Paragraph

Students should or should not use Facebook has become a debating issue. If a student uses facebook just to communicate with his/ her near and dear ones, then it can easily be said that using facebook is not totally harmful. Actually, very often facebooking gives us somewhat mental relief specially when we feel utter loneliness. A student can very comfortably communicate with his/ her other classmates through Facebook. He/ she can send important  messages instantly and can get up-to-date information from his/ her Facebook friends. But it may be very harmful for a student if he/ she loses control over it. Sometimes, many young students become curious just to make friendship with opposite sexes and try to fall in love. If it happens, their valuable times will be killed on  trifle matters. The relationship based on Facebook is very fragile. A student might lose everything and bring utter disaster by Facebooking. Needless to say, it’s quite tough to decide whether a student would use Facebook or not. It just depends on the mentality of the students. If he/ she applies it for the noble cause, I just appreciate to use Facebook. Otherwise, using facebook should be prohibited.

(আমার এক স্টুডেন্টের অনুরোধে- paragraph-টা লিখার চেষ্টা করলাম)

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A paragraph on "Diaspora" by Wadud Khan

Diaspora mainly refers to those people who had to leave their own homelands and had to settle in other parts of the world. There are two main reasons of diaspora. People were forced to leave or they intentionally left their homelands. The researchers are still studying to find out the facts of diaspora. In ancient time, the Aryans settled in the Indian-subcontinent leaving central Europe. The Jewish people had to be diasporas several times. During the secord world war, the Jews settled in Palestine. Later, they compelled the Palestinians to leave their own homelands and made them diaspora for another country. Recently, the Myanmar government compelled the Rohingyas to leave their own country and they are trying to settle in Bangladesh. We come to see that there are massive diasporas in Africa. There are some causes of diasporas such as economic, social conflict, political, conflict, war, natural disasters, etc. Today globalization is the root cause of diasporas.

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This paragraph is vital for the HSC students of Bangladesh.       

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A brief biography of Nazrul

Kazi Nazrul Islam (24 May 1899 – 29 August 1976) was a Bengali poet, writer, musician, and revolutionary from the Indian subcontinent. He is the national poet of Bangladesh. Popularly known as Nazrul, he produced a large body of poetry and music with themes that included religious devotion and spiritual rebellion against fascism and oppression. Nazrul's activism for political and social justice earned him the title of "Rebel Poet" (Bidrohi Kobi).His compositions form the avant-garde genre of Nazrul Sangeet (Music of Nazrul). Nazrul and his works are equally commemorated and celebrated in Bangladesh and India, particularly in India's Bengali-speaking states such as West Bengal, parts of Assam, and Tripura.

Born in a Bengali Muslim Kazi family, Nazrul Islam received religious education and as a young man worked as a muezzin at a local mosque. He learned about poetry, drama, and literature while working with the rural theatrical group Letor Dal. He joined the British Indian Army in 1917. After serving in the British Indian Army in the Middle East (Mesopotamian campaign) during World War I, Nazrul established himself as a journalist in Calcutta. He criticised the British Raj and called for revolution through his poetic works, such as "Bidrohi" (The Rebel) and "Bhangar Gaan" (The Song of Destruction) as well as in his publication Dhumketu ('The Comet'). His nationalist activism in Indian independence movement led to his frequent imprisonment by the colonial British authorities. While in prison, Nazrul wrote the "Rajbandir Jabanbandi" (Deposition of a Political Prisoner). His writings greatly inspired Bengalis of East Pakistan during the Bangladesh Liberation War.

Nazrul's writings explored themes such as love, freedom, humanity, and revolution. He opposed all forms of bigotry and fundamentalism, including religious, caste-based and gender-based. Nazrul wrote short stories, novels, and essays but is best known for his songs and poems. He created the first Bengali language ghazals. He is also known to have experimented with Arabic, Persian, and Sanskrit words in his works to produce rhythmic effects.

Nazrul wrote and composed music for nearly 4,000 songs (many recorded on HMV and gramophone records), collectively known as Nazrul Geeti. In 1942 at the age of 43, he began to suffer from an unknown disease, losing his voice and memory. A medical team in Vienna diagnosed the disease as Morbus Pick, a rare incurable neurodegenerative disease. It caused Nazrul's health to decline steadily and forced him to live in isolation in India. He was also admitted in Ranchi(Jharkhand) psychiatric hospital for many years. At the invitation of the Government of Bangladesh, Nazrul and his family moved to Dhaka in 1972. He died four years later on 29 August 1976 in Bangladesh.

Information collected from Wikipedia 
Collected and edited by Wadud Khan
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A brief biography of Nazrul

Kazi Nazrul Islam (24 May 1899 – 29 August 1976) was a Bengali poet, writer, musician, and revolutionary from the Indian subcontinent. He is the national poet of Bangladesh. Popularly known as Nazrul, he produced a large body of poetry and music with themes that included religious devotion and spiritual rebellion against fascism and oppression. Nazrul's activism for political and social justice earned him the title of "Rebel Poet" (Bidrohi Kobi).His compositions form the avant-garde genre of Nazrul Sangeet (Music of Nazrul). Nazrul and his works are equally commemorated and celebrated in Bangladesh and India, particularly in India's Bengali-speaking states such as West Bengal, parts of Assam, and Tripura.

Born in a Bengali Muslim Kazi family, Nazrul Islam received religious education and as a young man worked as a muezzin at a local mosque. He learned about poetry, drama, and literature while working with the rural theatrical group Letor Dal. He joined the British Indian Army in 1917. After serving in the British Indian Army in the Middle East (Mesopotamian campaign) during World War I, Nazrul established himself as a journalist in Calcutta. He criticised the British Raj and called for revolution through his poetic works, such as "Bidrohi" (The Rebel) and "Bhangar Gaan" (The Song of Destruction) as well as in his publication Dhumketu ('The Comet'). His nationalist activism in Indian independence movement led to his frequent imprisonment by the colonial British authorities. While in prison, Nazrul wrote the "Rajbandir Jabanbandi" (Deposition of a Political Prisoner). His writings greatly inspired Bengalis of East Pakistan during the Bangladesh Liberation War.

Nazrul's writings explored themes such as love, freedom, humanity, and revolution. He opposed all forms of bigotry and fundamentalism, including religious, caste-based and gender-based. Nazrul wrote short stories, novels, and essays but is best known for his songs and poems. He created the first Bengali language ghazals. He is also known to have experimented with Arabic, Persian, and Sanskrit words in his works to produce rhythmic effects.

Nazrul wrote and composed music for nearly 4,000 songs (many recorded on HMV and gramophone records), collectively known as Nazrul Geeti. In 1942 at the age of 43, he began to suffer from an unknown disease, losing his voice and memory. A medical team in Vienna diagnosed the disease as Morbus Pick, a rare incurable neurodegenerative disease. It caused Nazrul's health to decline steadily and forced him to live in isolation in India. He was also admitted in Ranchi(Jharkhand) psychiatric hospital for many years. At the invitation of the Government of Bangladesh, Nazrul and his family moved to Dhaka in 1972. He died four years later on 29 August 1976 in Bangladesh.

Information collected from Wikipedia  

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Car Crash Takes a Heavy Toll

---- By Wadud Khan

DEMANDING  ‘safety roads’ has become a common expectation in Bangladesh for all walks of life irrespective of caste, creed, religion and political parties. Each year innumerable innocent people are falling a great victim to car crash. No measure is still looking effective to prevent such devastating incidents. No light of hope is still vivid in the gloomy sky of Bangladesh regrading road accidents.

There are many reasons to cause road accidents. Reckless driving is one of the most fatal causes of it. Narrow roads, disobeying traffic rules, lack of proper training for driving, unnecessary overtaking tendency, mismanagement in highways are also responsible for car crashes. Some motor-bikers look desperate while driving in the busy roads. 

If we closely imagine how much sufferings are brought about by road accidents, we cannot but shed our tears silently. Many people have become crippled, many wives have become widows, many innocent kids have become orphans, many parents have lost their only child and become hopeless due to road accidents. Man must die today or tomorrow. There is no way to escape death. But as a human being, everybody wants to die a natural death. No unnatural death is acceptable to anybody. But who cares?

There are some laws regarding road accidents but no drivers, passersby is willing to follow the existing laws. Some experts and researchers like Illias Kanchon propose many ideas to decrease road accidents and lessen the loss of it. The general people are quite ignorant of traffic rules. That’s why they do not abide by the rules. Even in many cases, the helpers of a car often drive in absence of the main drivers.
Some days ago, in August, 2018, many school children throughout the country have come out of their classrooms to protest against road accidents because their two classmates have been killed by a careless driver. The guardians, university students also support their non-violent movement. The school kids stand on the highways and check many cars and find out that most of the cars have no fitness, no road permission, no driving licenses. Even the Members of Parliament, govt officials, actors or actresses, intellectuals, journalists do not abide by the traffic rules. The whole nation becomes speechless to see the terrific situation of the traffic. In spite of having a lot of over bridge in Dhaka or other mega city, the common people are very reluctant to use that to avoid road crashes.     

A new law has recently been passed to lessen the road accidents and to ensure the safety roads. This law will also control the unlawful activities of the drivers and the car-owners. It will ensure severe punishment for those who intentionally cause road accidents. Though the law is now active, road accidents still continue. Even yesterday, on 25 August, 2018, at least 25 people have been killed and many were severely injured due to several road crashes all over the country. No laws can save us if all kinds of people do not become aware of the severe sufferings of road accidents. We all are waiting for a better Bangladesh having safety roads.

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এসো, ইংরেজি শিখি | ফ্রি ক্লাস অন ইংলিশ

এসো, ইংরেজি শিখি

আজকে চলো আমরা কিছু গুরুত্বপূর্ণ প্রবাদ বাক্য শিখে ফেলি---

1) ঢিলটি মারলে পাটকেলটি খেতে হয় /
যেমন বুনো ওল, তেমন বাঘা তেঁতুল /
যেমন কুকুর, তেমন মুগুড় ।
⇨ Tit for tat.
2) তেলা মাথায় তেল দেয়া।
⇨To carry coal to Newcastle.
3) তিলকে তাল করা।
⇨ To make a mountain out of a mole hill.
4) দশের লাঠি একের বোঝা /
রাই কুঁড়িয়ে বেল।
⇨ Many a pickle ( OR, little) makes a mickle.
5) দাঁত থাকতে দাঁতের মর্যাদা বোঝা যায় না।
⇨ Blessings are not valued till they are gone.
6) দুষ্ট গরুর চেয়ে শূন্য গোয়াল ভালো।
⇨ Better an empty house than a bad (OR, an ill) tenant.
7) ধরি মাছ না ছুঁই পানি।
⇨ A cat loves fish but is loath to wet her feet.
8) নাই মামার চেয়ে কানা মামা ভালো।
⇨ Something is better than nothing.
9) সবুরে মেওয়া ফলে।
⇨ Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet.
10) নাচতে না জানলে উঠান বাঁকা।
⇨ A bad workman quarrels with his tools.
11) নানা মুনির নানা মত।
⇨ Many men, many minds.
12) নিজের নাক কেটে পরের যাত্রা ভঙ্গ করা।
⇨ To cut off one’s nose to spite one’s face.
13) পরের মন্দ করতে গেলে নিজের মন্দ আগে ফলে।
⇨ Harm hatch, harm catch.
14) পাননা তাই খাননা / আঙ্গুর ফল টক।
⇨The grapes are sour.
15) পাপের ধন প্রায়শ্চিত্তে যায়।
⇨ Ill got ill spent.
16) পেটে খেলে পিঠে সয়।
⇨ Give me roast meat and beat me with the spit.
17) বিনা মেঘে বজ্রপাত।
⇨ A bolt from the blue.
18) বসতে পেলে শুতে চায়।
⇨ Give him an inch, and he will take an ell.
19) বজ্র আঁটুনি ফস্কা গিরো।
⇨ The more laws, the more offenders.
20) বামুন গেলো ঘর তো লাঙ্গল তুলে ধর।
⇨When the cat is away, the mice will play.

(চলবে....)

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Kurbani requires sacrifice from heart

 Facebook Live Telecast with the Cow

Eid-ul-Azha, one of the biggest Muslim festivals, is knocking at the door, just three more days away. Most of the economically solvent Muslims are buying their sacrificial animals, especially cows, buffalos, goats. The richest persons of the country are trying to buy exceptional animals like camels with a heavy amount of money. 

Actually, Kurbani is a Arabic word which basically means sacrifice from the core of one’s heart in the name of Almighty Allah. But unfortunately, nowadays we come to see that many of us are trying to draw others’ attention regarding their purchased animals. 

Showing others-I am this, I am that– has become our main motto. Ikhlas is another Arabic term which basically means performing any good deeds should be for the satisfaction of Allah Tala and his messenger Hazrat Muhammad (pbuh), is totally absent from us.

If we buy our sacrificial animals in order to show our social status to others, or if our target becomes to have the tasty meat of the slaughtered animals, our sacrifices will neither be holly nor be acceptable to Allah. In that case, we will get no reword from Allah Subhanahu Tala. 

The flesh or blood of the slaughtered animals never goes to Allah, only the sacred will of the Muslims goes to Him. Undoubtedly, Allah Jalla Shanhu never expects anything from His slaves except Ikhlas, He just observes His slaves’s sacrifices from the core of heart for Him. Among us who have decided to sacrifice animals, should look at our hearts closely. Why are we sacrificing? Is it to make the common people happy or to get compliments from others? If so, our sacrifices will bring nothing from our Kind Creator. But, if we sacrifice our animals for the sole satisfaction of our Creator, we will get uncountable, unbelievable rewards from Him after death.   

Islamic scholars and researchers always advise ordinary Muslims to be loyal to Allah unconditionally. Uploading pictures of the sacrificial animals on the social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp, Instagram or taking selfies with cows, buffalos, goats completely ruin our sincerity, integrity, honesty and holly will.

Wadud Khan 
Lecturer, English 
Sadarpur Govt  College 
khanwadud2@gmail.com   

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Dhaka Attack certainly a quality movie

A scene from Dhaka Attack

Reviewed by Wadud Khan

Finally, I have enjoyed full length Bangla action thriller movie entitled Dhaka Attack written by Sunny Sanwar and directed by Dipankar Dipon.

The theme, plot, setting, diction, acting- all are outstanding. This movie proves that Bangladeshi film makers can make special movies if they get proper logistic supports.

Especially, the protagonist, Arifin Shuvoo's acting and his exceptional role charm us a lot. The presence of some veteran actors like Alamgir, Afzal Hossain, Shatabdi Wadud  widens this movie's appeal to all. Nonetheless, Taskeen Rahman has proved his worth. He deserves to be a promising villain in near future. Mahiya Mahi's role as a journalist is also praiseworthy. Both ABM Sumon and Quazi Nawshaba Ahmed have acted better than before.

Bangladeshi film-viewers are nowadays not going to the cinemas due to many logical reasons. The environment of the cinema halls is not family friendly. Dust, waste, trash, rubbish, mosquitoes often disturb the viewers in many local cinemas.

Neither the educated nor the uneducated is enjoying Bangla movies these days. The film makers, producers, actors, actresses feel utter helpless when they see their films are becoming a super flop, a time-wasting effort.

The film makers condemn the viewers. On the other hand, the viewers condemn the film makers. If the viewers don't respond to Bangladeshi movies, how can the directors dare make a big-budget movies? If the Bangladeshi movies don't ensure qualities like Bollywood or Hollywood or even like Tollywood, why will the viewers spend money or time on watching Bangla movies?

In a nutshell, we may conclude that the film like Dhaka Attack may bring the movie-viewers back to the cinemas and Bangladeshi films may get back its lost reputation, appeal, acceptability to all classes of movie-viewers.

Wadud Khan 
Lecturer, English 
Sadarpur Govt College, Faridpur 

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